The income tax department in India allows ample time for Indian tax payers to file their returns. For the income earned in the past financial year (FY16), a taxpayer can file returns up to March 2018.

But, filing in the tax within the first deadline of July 31 has its own share of benefits.

One of the first advantages in filing early returns is that, the income tax (I-T) department will allow you to revise a wrong computation or incorrect bank account details. In case of belated filing, the taxpayer loses this advantage.
Missing the first deadline also means that the taxpayer cannot carry forward certain losses. The Income Tax Act allows individuals to carry forward losses under the ‘capital gains’ head and also business losses for professionals and businesspersons. Filing returns on time can help them utilise these losses in the coming years.
 
The only loss which can be carried forward by a late IT returns filing individual would be loss from house property. This is the deduction that a person gets on the interest portion of a home loan under Section 24. Though the deduction can be claimed in the subsequent year, the total limit for deduction will remain Rs 2 lakh for first-time home buyers. In case of a house property that’s not self-occupied, the entire interest can be claimed as deduction.

For those filing belated returns, they will also need to shell out a penalty. There will be a one per cent penalty every month under Section 234A on the liability if the return is not filed on time. Professionals and businesspersons will also need to pay one per cent penal interest per month under Section 234B, if 90 per cent of the tax is not paid by March 31. If you don’t file returns at all, there are provisions in the I-T Act that say if the tax due is more than Rs 3,000, the taxpayer can be prosecuted and jailed.

Vikram Ramchand, founder, Makemyreturns.com, says that in his experience, he has also seen that those who file returns on time get faster refunds and their filing is processed quickly, too. Last year, many taxpayers who filed before the deadline got refunds within a fortnight, according to Ramchand. However, in case of belated filing, the processing and returns are both delayed – it can easily take six to eight months.

Also, those filing belated returns usually see that their refund amount is adjusted against some pending tax demand of the past, according to tax experts. Although this is not a rule, tax experts say such cases of adjustments are higher for those filing belated returns.

In the recent Union Budget, the period of filing returns has been reduced from two years to one year. Taxpayers will need to file returns before the end of the relevant assessment year.

The advice of tax experts for every tax payer is to go for the filing of returns within the first deadline to avoid inconvenience later.